<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><metadata>
<idinfo>
<citation>
<citeinfo>
<origin>Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife</origin>
<pubdate>2011</pubdate>
<title Sync="TRUE">Kelp Canopy</title>
<geoform Sync="TRUE">vector digital data</geoform>
<ftname Sync="TRUE">kelp_canopy_90s_2010</ftname>
<onlink Sync="FALSE">withheld</onlink>
</citeinfo>
</citation>
<descript>
<abstract>This layer is a composite of several years of aerial kelp surveys off Oregon. A coastwide survey was conducted in 1990, reef-specific surveys at 5 south coast reefs (Blanco, Orford, Redfish, Humbug and Rogue reefs) were conducted for 4 years from 1996 – 1999, and a regional survey was conducted from Cape Arago south to the California border in 2010. Three distinct survey designs were implemented for acquiring kelp bed imagery over two decades of kelp surveys. The target species was bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana. In 1990, the kelp survey was contracted to Ecoscan Resources Data. Kelp beds were photographed with black and white near infrared slide film. Interpretation methods included the application of a 50 meter radius to account for plant growth, and plants within 100 meters of each other (within 100 meters of the 50 meter radius) were included in a kelp polygon. ODFW designed the kelp surveys for 5 south coast reefs from 1996-1999. Specifications were established that ensured continuity between years. Bergman Photographic, Inc was contracted to acquire the imagery. Kelp beds were photographed using infrared photographic print film. Kelp beds were delineated without the addition of a 50 meter radius around kelp beds as was done with the 1990 data. In Oregon, the giant kelp, Macrocystis sp. is found only at Cape Arago. Both the 1990 and 2010 surveys covered Cape Arago, however only the 1990 survey delineation canopy for the giant kelp. In 2010, digital multispectral imagery of kelp canopy in southern Oregon was acquired and gridded at 1m resolution. The geographic coverage of the aerial survey is from Cape Arago (located near Coos Bay) to the Oregon-California border. </abstract>
<purpose>The purpose of this survey was to update ODFW's kelp biomass surveys of the mid 1990's.This layer shows the spatial extent of kelp canopy in Oregon based on 5 years of kelp surveys.
Bull kelp grows in nearshore waters on rocky substrate, but does not occur on all rocky substrate.Therefore, these data cannot be used to indicate location and extent of all rocky substrate. Bull kelp is limited to depths of less than 60 ft. Annual variations occur in the distibution and density of kelp.</purpose>
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<timeperd>
<timeinfo>
<mdattim>
<sngdate>
<caldate>1990</caldate>
</sngdate>
<sngdate>
<caldate>1996</caldate>
</sngdate>
<sngdate>
<caldate>1997</caldate>
</sngdate>
<sngdate>
<caldate>1998</caldate>
</sngdate>
<sngdate>
<caldate>1999</caldate>
</sngdate>
<sngdate>
<caldate>2010</caldate>
</sngdate>
</mdattim>
</timeinfo>
<current>ground condition</current>
</timeperd>
<status>
<progress>Complete</progress>
<update>None planned</update>
</status>
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<keywords>
<place>
<placekt>None</placekt>
<placekey>Oregon</placekey>
<placekey>Northeast Pacific Ocean</placekey>
<placekey>Oregon Coast</placekey>
<placekey>Pacific Northwest</placekey>
<placekey>Nearshore</placekey>
<placekey>Marine</placekey>
</place>
<stratum>
<stratkt>none</stratkt>
<stratkey>Sea Surface</stratkey>
</stratum>
<temporal>
<tempkt>None</tempkt>
<tempkey>1990</tempkey>
<tempkey>1996</tempkey>
<tempkey>1997</tempkey>
<tempkey>1998</tempkey>
<tempkey>1999</tempkey>
<tempkey>2010</tempkey>
<tempkey>single year surveys</tempkey>
</temporal>
<theme>
<themekey>Oceans</themekey>
<themekey>Biological Classification</themekey>
<themekey>Plants</themekey>
<themekey>Macroalgae</themekey>
<themekey>Brown Algae</themekey>
<themekey>Nereocystis luetkeana</themekey>
<themekey>Macrocystis integrifolia</themekey>
<themekey>Bull Kelp</themekey>
<themekey>flora</themekey>
<themekey>Canopy Kelp</themekey>
<themekey>Temperate Reef</themekey>
<themekey>oceans</themekey>
<themekey>geoscientificInformation</themekey>
<themekey>biota</themekey>
</theme>
</keywords>
<accconst>Data may be downloaded from this site.</accconst>
<useconst>Bull kelp grows in nearshore waters on rocky substrate, but does not occur on all rocky substrate.Therefore, these data cannot be used to indicate location and extent of all rocky substrate. Bull kelp is limited to depths of less than 60 ft. Annual variations occur in the distibution and density of kelp.</useconst>
<ptcontac>
<cntinfo>
<cntperp>
<cntper>Arlene Merems</cntper>
<cntorg>Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife</cntorg>
</cntperp>
<cntpos>Marine Habitat Project, Assistant Project Leader</cntpos>
<cntaddr>
<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
<address>2040 SE Marine Science Dr.</address>
<city>Newport</city>
<state>OR</state>
<postal>97365</postal>
<country>USA</country>
</cntaddr>
<cntvoice>541-867-0300 x246</cntvoice>
<cntfax>541-867-0311</cntfax>
<cntemail>arlene.r.merems@state.or.us</cntemail>
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</ptcontac>
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<cntorg>Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife</cntorg>
</cntperp>
<cntpos>Marine Habitat Project, Assistant Project Leader</cntpos>
<cntaddr>
<addrtype>mailing and physical address</addrtype>
<address>2040 SE Marine Science Dr.</address>
<city>Newport</city>
<state>OR</state>
<postal>97365</postal>
<country>USA</country>
</cntaddr>
<cntvoice>541-867-0300 x246</cntvoice>
<cntfax>541-867-0311</cntfax>
<cntemail>arlene.r.merems@state.or.us</cntemail>
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<cntorg>Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Marine Resources Program</cntorg>
<cntper>Arlene Merems</cntper>
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<addrtype>2040 SE Marine Science Dr</addrtype>
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<idPurp>The purpose of this survey was to update ODFW's kelp biomass surveys of the mid 1990's.This layer shows the spatial extent of kelp canopy in Oregon based on 5 years of kelp surveys.
Bull kelp grows in nearshore waters on rocky substrate, but does not occur on all rocky substrate.Therefore, these data cannot be used to indicate location and extent of all rocky substrate. Bull kelp is limited to depths of less than 60 ft. Annual variations occur in the distibution and density of kelp.</idPurp>
<idAbs>&lt;DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;DIV&gt;&lt;P STYLE="margin:0 0 16 0;"&gt;&lt;SPAN STYLE="font-size:9pt"&gt;This layer is a composite of several years of aerial kelp surveys off Oregon. A coastwide survey was conducted in 1990, reef-specific surveys at 5 south coast reefs (Blanco, Orford, Redfish, Humbug and Rogue reefs) were conducted for 4 years from 1996 – 1999, and a regional survey was conducted from Cape Arago south to the California border in 2010. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;Three distinct survey designs were implemented for acquiring kelp bed imagery over two decades of kelp surveys. The target species was bull kelp, Nereocystis luetkeana. In 1990, the kelp survey was contracted to Ecoscan Resources Data. Kelp beds were photographed with black and white near infrared slide film. Interpretation methods included the application of a 50 meter radius to account for plant growth, and plants within 100 meters of each other (within 100 meters of the 50 meter radius) were included in a kelp polygon. ODFW designed the kelp surveys for 5 south coast reefs from 1996-1999. Specifications were established that ensured continuity between years. Bergman Photographic, Inc was contracted to acquire the imagery. Kelp beds were photographed using infrared photographic print film. Kelp beds were delineated without the addition of a 50 meter radius around kelp beds as was done with the 1990 data. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"&gt;&lt;SPAN /&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P STYLE="margin:0 0 16 0;"&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;In Oregon, the giant kelp, Macrocystis sp. is found only at Cape Arago. Both the 1990 and 2010 surveys covered Cape Arago, however only the 1990 survey delineation canopy for the giant kelp. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P STYLE="margin:0 0 16 0;"&gt;&lt;SPAN&gt;In 2010, digital multispectral imagery of kelp canopy in southern Oregon was acquired and gridded at 1m resolution. The geographic coverage of the aerial survey is from Cape Arago (located near Coos Bay) to the Oregon-California border. &lt;/SPAN&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"&gt;&lt;SPAN /&gt;&lt;/P&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;&lt;/DIV&gt;</idAbs>
<idCredit>Oregon Dept. of Fish and Wildlife, Marine Resources Program; Ecoscan Resources, under contract with ODFW (1990)</idCredit>
<searchKeys>
<keyword>Biological Classification</keyword>
<keyword>Plants</keyword>
<keyword>Macroalgae</keyword>
<keyword>Brown Algae</keyword>
<keyword>Nereocystis luetkeana</keyword>
<keyword>Macrocystis integrifolia</keyword>
<keyword>Bull Kelp</keyword>
<keyword>flora</keyword>
<keyword>Canopy Kelp</keyword>
<keyword>Temperate Reef</keyword>
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